Musenyeri Alexis Kagame na Mgr Bigirumwami: Intwari zibagiranye?
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Uwiga, uwize cyangwa uwamenye amateka n’umuco gakondo by’u Rwanda, hari amazina abiri adashobora kumwisoba kuko ari amwe mu bishyitsi bikomeye byatumye abariho ubu bamenya ko kera hahozeho u Rwanda, abo ni Musenyeri Alexis Kagame na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami.
Babayeho mu bihe bimwe, byari bikomeye u Rwanda ruri mu maboko y’Ababiligi ariko baharanira ko amateka n’umuco nyarwanda bitibagirana, nk’imwe mu nkingi ikomeye yatumye igihugu kimara imyaka ibihumbi gishikamye.
Musenyeri Alexis Kagame yavutse tariki 15 Gicurasi 1912 i Kiyanza mu Buliza (ubu ni mu Karere ka Rulindo, Umurenge wa Ntarabana), hari ku ngoma y’Umwami Yuhi V Musinga. Yahawe ubupadiri mu 1941.
Soma: Tariki 15 Gicurasi, Umunsi umwanditsi n’umunyamateka Mgr Alexis Kagame yaboneyeho izuba
Kagame ni umwe mu banyarwanda ba mbere bize kaminuza, ayiga mu mahanga mu bijyanye na filozofiya. Mu mateka y’u Rwanda azwi nk’umwe mu ba mbere bakozeho ubushakashatsi butandukanye, yandika ibitabo byatumye abiga amateka bamenya aho bahera birimo nk’Inganji Kalinga, un abrégé de l’ethno-histoire du Rwanda.
Yanditse ibindi bitabo byinshi n’inyandiko yamenyekanye nk’Indyoheshabirayi, Umuririmbyi wa Nyiribiremwa, Isoko y’Amajyambere, La Philosophie Bantu-Rwandaise de l’être” n’ibindi.
Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami we yavutse kuwa 22 Ukuboza 1904 avukira i Gisaka i Zaza. Mu 1952 yagizwe Musenyeri wa Nyundo, abimburira abandi birabura kwambikwa iryo kamba muri Afurika Mbiligi yari igizwe n’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Mu 1954, Musenyeri Bigirumwami yashinze akanyamakuru k’abana kitwa Hobe kamamaye cyane, kugira ngo bamenyere gusoma babone n’inkuru basoma mu Kinyarwanda.
Yanditse inyandiko zibanda ku muco n’imyemerere ya Kinyarwanda zirimo; Imigani miremire (1972), Imana y’abantu, abantu b’Imana, Imana mu bantu, abantu mu Mana (1979) ndetse n’Imihango, Imiziro n’imiziririzo mu Rwanda (1984) byose bigaruka ku muco nyarwanda.
Nubwo ibikorwa by’aba bagabo bitavugwa cyane, ni bimwe mu byabimburiye ubundi bushakashatsi bacukumbuye amateka n’umuco nyarwanda. Ikirenzeho bagiye babikora nta zindi nyungu barambirijeho.
Buruga Aloys Gonzague, murumuna wa Musenyeri Alexis Kagame mu muryango, aherutse kubwira IGIHE ko mukuru we akwiriye guhabwa agaciro kuko ibyo yakoze ari iby’ubutwari.
Yagize ati “Hari ubwo intwari ziba izo ku rugamba, izaguye igihugu zikagitsindira abanzi ariko hakwiriye kubaho n’abo twakwita abakurambere bafite ibindi bakoze bifitiye igihugu akamaro.”
“Tumwise intwari, si ikigwari kuko yarwanye urugamba rw’uko umuco w’u Rwanda utazima, aharanira ko amateka y’u Rwanda atazimira ayashyira mu nyandiko. Navuga ngo yakwibukwa nk’intwari.”
Ntabwo bibagiranye?
Muri abo bombi, Musenyeri Kagame niwe wahawe impeta y’ishimwe, kuwa 5 Nyakanga mu 1979 ubwo yagirwaga “Officier de l’ordre national des Grands lacs”. Kuwa 3 Nzeri 2014, yahawe igihembo n’Inteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco cyiswe “Igihembo cya Akademi”, cyashyizweho hagamijwe gushima abantu bakora ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu kubungabunga ubusugire n’iterambere by’ururimi n’umuco by’u Rwanda.
Icyakora hari ababona abo bagabo nk’abitanze batizigama ngo umuco nyarwanda n’amateka yarwo adasibangana, ku buryo bakwiriye ubutwari cyangwa impeta z’ishimwe bihanitse kandi ibikorwa byabo bikagaragara henshi.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’urwego rushinzwe Intwari z’Igihugu, Impeta n’Imidari by’ishimwe, Nkusi Déo, yabwiye IGIHE ko Musenyeri Bigirumwami na Musenyeri Kagame batibagiranye nkuko bamwe babikeka, kuko gushyirwa mu ntwari cyangwa guhabwa umudari runaka, hakorwa ubushakashatsi bwimbitse.
Ubusanzwe kugira ngo umuntu akorweho ubushakashatsi bushobora kumushyira mu ntwari, hagomba kuba hari ababimusabiye cyangwa se urwego rubishinzwe rukibwiriza.
Nkusi yagize ati “Abo bantu babiri rero ni abantu bazwi cyane mu mateka kandi birumvikana banakoze n’ibintu byinshi ku byerekeye amateka n’umuco, bafite inyandiko zinadusfsha nk’abanyarwanda ku bintu byinshi cyane, byumvikane rero ko abo bantu batibagiranye.”
Nkusi yavuze ko kuba ibitabo n’inyandiko za Musenyeri Kagame na Bigirumwami bikoreshwa mu mashuri atandukanye no mu zindi nzego, nabwo ari ubundi buryo bwo kubaha agaciro.
Ntabwo yeruye ngo avuge niba haba hari ubushakashatsi buri kubakorwaho, kuko bitemewe kubitangaza ubushakashatsi butararangira, icyakora yumvikanishije ko hari ikiri gukorwa.
Ati “Twakiriye amazina menshi cyane y’abantu batandukanye , birumvikana ko abantu bazwi cyane ntibabura n’ababavuga ariko inshingano zo kuvuga uwakozweho ubushakashatsi ntabwo ari izacu, hari inzego zibishinzwe igihe nikigera zizababwira ubushakashatsi icyo bwatanze.”
Nkusi yavuze ko gukora ubushakashatsi ku muntu kugira ngo abe yagirwa intwari cyangwa yahabwa umudari bifata igihe kandi bigasaba ubushishozi buhambaye.
Ati “Si nko kwatsa itara ngo pa!riratse cyangwa rirazimye, ni ibintu bifata igihe, byitonderwa bigaca mu nzgeo zitandukanye akaba yashyirwa mu rwego runaka rw’intwari cyangwa yahabwa impeta y’ishimwe bitewe n’ibikorwa bye.”
Kugeza ubu hari amazina asaga 200 y’abanyarwanda basabiwe gukorwaho ubushakashatsi kugira ngo bashyirwe mu ntwari, abandi babe bambikwa impeta z’ishimwe.
Kuwa 2 Ukuboza 1981 nibwo Musenyeri Alexis Kagame yitabye Imana aguye mu bitaro by’i Nairobi muri Kenya aho yari yagiye kwivuza. Aloys Bigirumwami we yatabarutse afite imyaka 81 ku wa 03 Kamena 1986 mu bitaro bya Ruhengeri azize indwara y’umutima.
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Uwiga, uwize cyangwa uwamenye amateka n’umuco gakondo by’u Rwanda, hari amazina abiri adashobora kumwisoba kuko ari amwe mu bishyitsi bikomeye byatumye abariho ubu bamenya ko kera hahozeho u Rwanda, abo ni Musenyeri Alexis Kagame na Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami.
Babayeho mu bihe bimwe, byari bikomeye u Rwanda ruri mu maboko y’Ababiligi ariko baharanira ko amateka n’umuco nyarwanda bitibagirana, nk’imwe mu nkingi ikomeye yatumye igihugu kimara imyaka ibihumbi gishikamye.
Musenyeri Alexis Kagame yavutse tariki 15 Gicurasi 1912 i Kiyanza mu Buliza (ubu ni mu Karere ka Rulindo, Umurenge wa Ntarabana), hari ku ngoma y’Umwami Yuhi V Musinga. Yahawe ubupadiri mu 1941.
Soma: Tariki 15 Gicurasi, Umunsi umwanditsi n’umunyamateka Mgr Alexis Kagame yaboneyeho izuba
Kagame ni umwe mu banyarwanda ba mbere bize kaminuza, ayiga mu mahanga mu bijyanye na filozofiya. Mu mateka y’u Rwanda azwi nk’umwe mu ba mbere bakozeho ubushakashatsi butandukanye, yandika ibitabo byatumye abiga amateka bamenya aho bahera birimo nk’Inganji Kalinga, un abrégé de l’ethno-histoire du Rwanda.
Yanditse ibindi bitabo byinshi n’inyandiko yamenyekanye nk’Indyoheshabirayi, Umuririmbyi wa Nyiribiremwa, Isoko y’Amajyambere, La Philosophie Bantu-Rwandaise de l’être” n’ibindi.
Musenyeri Aloys Bigirumwami we yavutse kuwa 22 Ukuboza 1904 avukira i Gisaka i Zaza. Mu 1952 yagizwe Musenyeri wa Nyundo, abimburira abandi birabura kwambikwa iryo kamba muri Afurika Mbiligi yari igizwe n’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Mu 1954, Musenyeri Bigirumwami yashinze akanyamakuru k’abana kitwa Hobe kamamaye cyane, kugira ngo bamenyere gusoma babone n’inkuru basoma mu Kinyarwanda.
Yanditse inyandiko zibanda ku muco n’imyemerere ya Kinyarwanda zirimo; Imigani miremire (1972), Imana y’abantu, abantu b’Imana, Imana mu bantu, abantu mu Mana (1979) ndetse n’Imihango, Imiziro n’imiziririzo mu Rwanda (1984) byose bigaruka ku muco nyarwanda.
Nubwo ibikorwa by’aba bagabo bitavugwa cyane, ni bimwe mu byabimburiye ubundi bushakashatsi bacukumbuye amateka n’umuco nyarwanda. Ikirenzeho bagiye babikora nta zindi nyungu barambirijeho.
Buruga Aloys Gonzague, murumuna wa Musenyeri Alexis Kagame mu muryango, aherutse kubwira IGIHE ko mukuru we akwiriye guhabwa agaciro kuko ibyo yakoze ari iby’ubutwari.
Yagize ati “Hari ubwo intwari ziba izo ku rugamba, izaguye igihugu zikagitsindira abanzi ariko hakwiriye kubaho n’abo twakwita abakurambere bafite ibindi bakoze bifitiye igihugu akamaro.”
“Tumwise intwari, si ikigwari kuko yarwanye urugamba rw’uko umuco w’u Rwanda utazima, aharanira ko amateka y’u Rwanda atazimira ayashyira mu nyandiko. Navuga ngo yakwibukwa nk’intwari.”
Ntabwo bibagiranye?
Muri abo bombi, Musenyeri Kagame niwe wahawe impeta y’ishimwe, kuwa 5 Nyakanga mu 1979 ubwo yagirwaga “Officier de l’ordre national des Grands lacs”. Kuwa 3 Nzeri 2014, yahawe igihembo n’Inteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco cyiswe “Igihembo cya Akademi”, cyashyizweho hagamijwe gushima abantu bakora ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu kubungabunga ubusugire n’iterambere by’ururimi n’umuco by’u Rwanda.
Icyakora hari ababona abo bagabo nk’abitanze batizigama ngo umuco nyarwanda n’amateka yarwo adasibangana, ku buryo bakwiriye ubutwari cyangwa impeta z’ishimwe bihanitse kandi ibikorwa byabo bikagaragara henshi.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’urwego rushinzwe Intwari z’Igihugu, Impeta n’Imidari by’ishimwe, Nkusi Déo, yabwiye IGIHE ko Musenyeri Bigirumwami na Musenyeri Kagame batibagiranye nkuko bamwe babikeka, kuko gushyirwa mu ntwari cyangwa guhabwa umudari runaka, hakorwa ubushakashatsi bwimbitse.
Ubusanzwe kugira ngo umuntu akorweho ubushakashatsi bushobora kumushyira mu ntwari, hagomba kuba hari ababimusabiye cyangwa se urwego rubishinzwe rukibwiriza.
Nkusi yagize ati “Abo bantu babiri rero ni abantu bazwi cyane mu mateka kandi birumvikana banakoze n’ibintu byinshi ku byerekeye amateka n’umuco, bafite inyandiko zinadusfsha nk’abanyarwanda ku bintu byinshi cyane, byumvikane rero ko abo bantu batibagiranye.”
Nkusi yavuze ko kuba ibitabo n’inyandiko za Musenyeri Kagame na Bigirumwami bikoreshwa mu mashuri atandukanye no mu zindi nzego, nabwo ari ubundi buryo bwo kubaha agaciro.
Ntabwo yeruye ngo avuge niba haba hari ubushakashatsi buri kubakorwaho, kuko bitemewe kubitangaza ubushakashatsi butararangira, icyakora yumvikanishije ko hari ikiri gukorwa.
Ati “Twakiriye amazina menshi cyane y’abantu batandukanye , birumvikana ko abantu bazwi cyane ntibabura n’ababavuga ariko inshingano zo kuvuga uwakozweho ubushakashatsi ntabwo ari izacu, hari inzego zibishinzwe igihe nikigera zizababwira ubushakashatsi icyo bwatanze.”
Nkusi yavuze ko gukora ubushakashatsi ku muntu kugira ngo abe yagirwa intwari cyangwa yahabwa umudari bifata igihe kandi bigasaba ubushishozi buhambaye.
Ati “Si nko kwatsa itara ngo pa!riratse cyangwa rirazimye, ni ibintu bifata igihe, byitonderwa bigaca mu nzgeo zitandukanye akaba yashyirwa mu rwego runaka rw’intwari cyangwa yahabwa impeta y’ishimwe bitewe n’ibikorwa bye.”
Kugeza ubu hari amazina asaga 200 y’abanyarwanda basabiwe gukorwaho ubushakashatsi kugira ngo bashyirwe mu ntwari, abandi babe bambikwa impeta z’ishimwe.
Kuwa 2 Ukuboza 1981 nibwo Musenyeri Alexis Kagame yitabye Imana aguye mu bitaro by’i Nairobi muri Kenya aho yari yagiye kwivuza. Aloys Bigirumwami we yatabarutse afite imyaka 81 ku wa 03 Kamena 1986 mu bitaro bya Ruhengeri azize indwara y’umutima.
Ikiganiro n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa CHENO, Nkusi Déohttps://www.youtube.com/embed/dAjfwXJhLBg